NDLI: Utilization of flue gas for cultivation of microalgae Chlorella sp.) in an outdoor open thin-layer photobioreactor

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Doucha, Jiří Straka, František Lívanský, Karel
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Flue gas generated by combustion of natural gas in a boiler was used for outdoor cultivation of Chlorella sp. in a 55 m$^{2}$ culture area photobioreactor. A 6 mm thick layer of algal suspension continuously running down the inclined lanes of the bioreactor at 50 cm s$^{−1}$ was exposed to sunlight. Flue gas containing 6–8% by volume of CO$_{2}$ substituted for more costly pure CO$_{2}$ as a source of carbon for autotrophic growth of algae. The degree of CO$_{2}$ mitigation (flue gas decarbonization) in the algal suspension was 10–50% and decreased with increasing flue gas injection rate into the culture. A dissolved CO$_{2}$ partial pressure (pCO$_{2}$) higher than 0.1 kPa was maintained in the suspension at the end of the 50 m long culture area in order to prevent limitation of algal growth by CO$_{2}$. NO$_{X}$ and CO gases (up to 45 mg m$^{−3}$ NO$_{X}$ and 3 mg m$^{−3}$ CO in flue gas) had no negative influence on the growth of the alga. On summer days the following daily net productivities of algae [g (dry weight) m$^{−2}$] were attained in comparative parallel cultures: flue gas = 19.4–22.8; pure CO$_{2}$ = 19.1–22.6. Net utilization (η) of the photosynthetically active radiant (PAR) energy was: flue gas = 5.58–6.94%; pure CO$_{2}$ = 5.49–6.88%. The mass balance of CO$_{2}$ obtained for the flue gas stream and for the algal suspension was included in a mathematical model, which permitted the calculation of optimum flue gas injection rate into the photobioreactor, dependent on the time course of irradiance and culture temperature. It was estimated that about 50% of flue gas decarbonization can be attained in the photobioreactor and 4.4 kg of CO$_{2}$ is needed for production of 1 kg (dry weight) algal biomass. A scheme of a combined process of farm unit size is proposed; this includes anaerobic digestion of organic agricultural wastes, production and combustion of biogas, and utilization of flue gas for production of microalgal biomass, which could be used in animal feeds. A preliminary quantitative assessment of the microalgae production is presented.
Starting Page	403
Ending Page	412
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09218971
Journal	Journal of Applied Phycology
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15735176
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	carbon dioxide flue gas microalgae outdoor open photobioreactor process analysis Ecology Hydrobiology Plant Sciences Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Aquatic Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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