NDLI: Chemical Bonding and Thermodynamics in Superconductivity and Superfluidity

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Love, Peter
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Superconductivity and superfluidity are physical states that occur in a variety of chemical and physical systems. These physical states share a common type of real, or virtual, chemical bonding. Each of the systems discussed herein contain at least one real, or effective, coordinate covalent bond. This is formed from an electron pair donor species and an electron pair acceptor species. When the electronegativity difference between the electron pair donor and acceptor species is sufficiently small, the resultant coordinate covalent bond density can be substantial. If delocalized, this bond density can result in a significant increase in the electron pair orbital volume relative to that of the parent species, and an increase in the valence shell orbital entropy. In terms of the normalized Gibbs–Helmholtz equation, this results in a concomitant decrease in free energy of the delocalized electronic system. A decrease in free energy to negative values can support a boson state, and superconductivity. A clear example of these principles is the occurrence of superconductivity in the ceramic material, MgB$_{2}$. These generalizations apply to superconducting elements, high temperature superconductors, superconducting alloys, and equivalently to superfluid $^{4}$He.
Starting Page	795
Ending Page	820
Page Count	26
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0195928X
Journal	International Journal of Thermophysics
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15729567
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-04-29
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Chemical bonding Entropy Heat capacity Superconductivity Superfluidity Thermodynamics Physical Chemistry Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Condensed Matter Physics Mechanics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics

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