NDLI: Low-Temperature Drift in MIMS Base-Metal Thermocouples

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Webster, E. S.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Inhomogeneities are known to develop within thermoelements exposed to elevated temperatures, resulting in temperature measurement errors. While the Seebeck coefficient drift in base-metal thermocouples due to aging at temperatures over $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ has been extensively investigated, there have been very few investigations into possible Seebeck changes at lower temperatures. Despite warnings about possible effects, most practitioners assume changes in homogeneity are either not significant or not able to develop at temperatures less than $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ . This study reports on measurements of inhomogeneities in base-metal thermocouples arising from heat treatment at temperatures in the region of $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ . Thermoelectric scans of thermocouples were carried out following exposure of a range of mineral-insulated metal-sheathed base-metal thermocouples, from two large manufacturers, of Types E, J, K, N, and T, to either a linear-gradient furnace within the range of $$100\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ to $$320\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ or uniform temperature zones of $$100\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ , $$150\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ , and $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ . The experiments reveal noticeable drift in all base-metal types for temperatures as low as $$100\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ and exposure times as short as 1 h. The most sensitive thermoelement alloys appear to be Constantan, Alumel, and Nicrosil. It is concluded that the common working assumption that base-metal thermocouples suffer no thermally induced changes in the Seebeck coefficient below $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ is false. This observation has significant implications for many high-stability monitoring and control systems reliant on base-metal thermocouples that operate in the range of $$100\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ to $$200\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ . Additionally, thermoelectric scanning of base-metal thermocouples should be carried out at temperatures well below $$150\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$ to avoid erasure of strain effects or imprinting of new thermal signatures.
Starting Page	574
Ending Page	595
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0195928X
Journal	International Journal of Thermophysics
Volume Number	35
Issue Number	3-4
e-ISSN	15729567
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-03-22
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Annealing Base metal Low-temperature drift MIMS Seebeck inhomogeneity Thermocouples Condensed Matter Physics Mechanics Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Physical Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics

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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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