NDLI: Grain boundaries of nanocrystalline materials – their widths, compositions, and internal structures

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fultz, B. Frase, H.N.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	Nanocrystalline materials contain many atoms at and near grain boundaries. Sufficient numbers of Mössbauer probe atoms can be situated in grain boundary environments to make a clear contribution to the measured Mössbauer spectrum. Three types of measurements on nanocrystalline materials are reported here, all using Mössbauer spectrometry in conjunction with X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, or small angle neutron scattering. By measuring the fraction of atoms contributing to the grain boundary component in a Mössbauer spectrum, and by knowing the grain size of the material, it is possible to deduce the average width of grain boundaries in metallic alloys. It is found that these widths are approximately 0.5 nm for fcc alloys and slightly larger than 1.0 nm for bcc alloys.Chemical segregation to grain boundaries can be measured by Mössbauer spectrometry, especially in conjunction with small angle neutron scattering. Such measurements on Fe-Cu and Fe3Si-Nb were used to study how nanocrystalline materials could be stabilized against grain growth by the segregation of Cu and Nb to grain boundaries. The segregation of Cu to grain boundaries did not stabilize the Fe-Cu alloys against grain growth, since the grain boundaries were found to widen and accept more Cu atoms during annealing. The Nb additions to Fe3Si did suppress grain growth, perhaps because of the low mobility of Nb atoms, but also perhaps because Nb atoms altered the chemical ordering in the alloy.The internal structure of grain boundaries in nanocrystalline materials prepared by high-energy ball milling is found to be unstable against internal relaxations at low temperatures. The Mössbauer spectra of the nanocrystalline samples showed changes in the hyperfine fields attributable to movements of grain boundary atoms. In conjunction with SANS measurements, the changes in grain boundary structure induced by cryogenic exposure and annealing at low temperature were found to be somewhat different. Both were consistent with a sharper density gradient between the crystalline region and the grain boundary region.
Starting Page	81
Ending Page	108
Page Count	28
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03043843
Journal	Hyperfine Interactions
Volume Number	130
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15729540
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2000-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons Atoms, Molecules, Clusters and Plasmas Condensed Matter Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics

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