NDLI: The Influence of Nitrogen Nutrition on the Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Status of Emergent Macrophyte Acorus calamus L.

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Vojtíšková, Lenka Munzarová, Edita Votrubová, Olga Čížková, Hana Lipavská, Helena
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Carbon and nitrogen balance in Acorus calamus, a wetland species colonising littoral zones with a high trophic status, was studied under experimental conditions using water or sand culture with a defined composition of the nutrient solution. Influence of graded level of N (1.86, 7.5 and 18.6 mM) and/or forms of N (NH4+ versus NO 3–) on the content of non-structural carbohydrates, free amino acids, total C, and total N was studied in Acorus rhizomes and roots to find possible connection with a reduced growth of Acorus plants under high N and NH4+–N nutrition described in our previous study [Vojtíšková et al., 2004. Hydrobiologia 518: 9–22]. High N availability and pure NH4+–N nutrition affected the C/N balance of rhizome and root systems of Acorus in a similar way. NH4+–N was the only form of N elevated under the high N treatment. The major proportion of the total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) was starch (91–93% and 51–64% in rhizomes and roots, respectively). The content of starch was significantly and and negatively affected by high N availability (P = 0.001), as well as by NH4+–N nutrition (P=0.001). Amounts of simple soluble carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) were negligible in comparison to starch in rhizomes and branched roots (up to 5% of TNC), while roots without developed lateral roots (unbranched) contained up to 33% of TNC in the form of simple soluble sugars. Moreover, high hexoses/sucrose ratio, low starch/soluble sugars ratio, high content of N, and low C/N ratio support the notion that unbranched roots are metabolically active young roots with tissue differentiation in progress. A high content of free amino acids, typically with dominance of N-rich amino acids (Arg-46%, Gln-8%, Asn-7%), was found simultaneously with a low carbohydrate content under high N supply, which indicates that NH4+ received is effectively incorporated into the organic form by this species. Since the decrease in carbohydrate content was not accompanied by luxurious growth, other possible carbon consuming processes were discussed in relation to NH4+ nutrition. More dramatic changes in total N than C were found under high N availability resulting a shift in C/N ratio in favour of N. Although the shift towards N metabolism was obvious, no serious carbohydrate depletion occurred, which could explain the reduced growth of Acorus plants under high N and sole NH4+–N nutrition described previously.
Starting Page	73
Ending Page	85
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00188158
Journal	Hydrobiologia
Volume Number	563
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15735117
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-04-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	wetland plants C/N balance starch amino acids rhizome eutrophication Ecology Hydrobiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Aquatic Science

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