NDLI: Modeling nitrogen cycling in a coastal fresh water sediment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Canavan, Richard W. Laverman, Anniet M. Slomp, Caroline P.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Increased nitrogen (N) loading to coastal marine and freshwater systems is occurring worldwide as a result of human activities. Diagenetic processes in sediments can change the N availability in these systems, by supporting removal through denitrification and burial of organic N (Norg) or by enhancing N recycling. In this study, we use a reactive transport model (RTM) to examine N transformations in a coastal fresh water sediment and quantify N removal rates. We also assess the response of the sediment N cycle to environmental changes that may result from increased salinity which is planned to occur at the site as a result of an estuarine restoration project. Field results show that much of the Norg deposited on the sediment is currently remineralized to ammonium. A rapid removal of nitrate is observed in the sediment pore water, with the resulting nitrate reduction rate estimated to be 130 μmol N cm−2 yr−1. A model sensitivity study was conducted altering the distribution of nitrate reduction between dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and denitrification. These results show a 40% decline in sediment N removal as NO 3 − reduction shifts from denitrification to DNRA. This decreased N removal leads to a shift in sediment-water exchange flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) from near zero with denitrification to 133 μmol N cm−2 yr−1 if DNRA is the dominant pathway. The response to salinization includes a short-term release of adsorbed ammonium. Additional changes expected to result from the estuarine restoration include: lower NO 3 − concentrations and greater SO 4 2− concentrations in the bottom water, decreased nitrification rates, and increased sediment mixing. The effect of these changes on net DIN flux and N removal vary based on the distribution of DNRA versus denitrification, illustrating the need for a better understanding of factors controlling this competition.
Starting Page	27
Ending Page	36
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00188158
Journal	Hydrobiologia
Volume Number	584
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15735117
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2007-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	denitrification dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (dnra) ammonium adsorption diagenetic model sediment-water exchange salinity Hydrobiology Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Aquatic Science

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