NDLI: Crystalline and Osmotic Swelling of an Expansive Clay Inundated with Sodium Chloride Solutions

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rao, Sudhakar M. Thyagaraj, T. Raghuveer Rao, P.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Compacted expansive clays swell due to crystalline swelling and osmotic/double layer swelling mechanisms. Crystalline swelling is driven by adsorption of water molecules at clay particle surfaces that occurs at inter-layer separations of 10–22 Å. Diffuse double layer swelling occurs at inter-layer separations >22 Å. The tendency of compacted clay to develop osmotic or double layer swelling reduces with increase in solute concentration in bulk solution. This study examines the consequence of increase in solute concentration in bulk solution on the relative magnitudes of the two swelling modes. The objective is achieved by inundating compacted expansive clay specimens with distilled water and sodium chloride solutions in free-swell oedometer tests and comparing the experimental swell with predictions from Van’t Hoff equation. The results of the study indicate that swell potential of compacted expansive clay specimens wetted with relatively saline (0.4, 1 and 4 M sodium chloride) solutions are satisfied by crystalline swelling alone. Comparatively, compacted clay specimens inundated with less saline solutions (0.005–0.1 M sodium chloride) require both crystalline and osmotic swelling to satiate the swell potential.
Starting Page	1399
Ending Page	1404
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09603182
Journal	Geotechnical and Geological Engineering
Volume Number	31
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15731529
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-03-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Clays Osmotic suction Salts Soil structure Swell Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Hydrogeology Terrestrial Pollution Waste Management/Waste Technology Civil Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Geology Architecture Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Osmotic Swelling and Osmotic Consolidation Behaviour of Compacted Expansive Clay

Cyclic Swell–Shrink Behaviour of a Compacted Expansive Soil

Shrinkage Behaviour of GPA-Reinforced Expansive Clay Beds Subjected to Swell–Shrink Cycles

Free-Swell and Swelling Pressure of Unsaturated Compacted Clays; Experiments and Neural Networks Modeling

Evaluation and Prediction of the Swelling Characteristics of Nigerian Black Clays

Influence Of Osmotic Suction On The Swell And Compression Behaviour Of Compacted Expansive Clays

Physical and Compaction Behaviour of Clay Soil–Fly Ash Mixtures

Studies on Hydraulic Conductivity of Fly Ash-Stabilised Expansive Clay Liners

Reduction of Expansive Index, Swelling and Compression Behavior of Kaolinite and Bentonite Clay with Sand and Class C Fly Ash

Crystalline and Osmotic Swelling of an Expansive Clay Inundated with Sodium Chloride Solutions

Similar Documents

Osmotic Swelling and Osmotic Consolidation Behaviour of Compacted Expansive Clay

Cyclic Swell–Shrink Behaviour of a Compacted Expansive Soil

Shrinkage Behaviour of GPA-Reinforced Expansive Clay Beds Subjected to Swell–Shrink Cycles

Free-Swell and Swelling Pressure of Unsaturated Compacted Clays; Experiments and Neural Networks Modeling

Evaluation and Prediction of the Swelling Characteristics of Nigerian Black Clays

Influence Of Osmotic Suction On The Swell And Compression Behaviour Of Compacted Expansive Clays

Physical and Compaction Behaviour of Clay Soil–Fly Ash Mixtures

Studies on Hydraulic Conductivity of Fly Ash-Stabilised Expansive Clay Liners

Reduction of Expansive Index, Swelling and Compression Behavior of Kaolinite and Bentonite Clay with Sand and Class C Fly Ash

Crystalline and Osmotic Swelling of an Expansive Clay Inundated with Sodium Chloride Solutions