NDLI: Field nitrogen budgets and post-harvest soil nitrate as indicators of N leaching to groundwater in a Pacific Northwest dairy grass field

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Carey, Barbara M. Pitz, Charles F. Harrison, Joseph H.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Dairy farms in the U.S. are expected to use farm-field nitrogen (N) budgeting techniques to determine appropriate agronomic manure application rates for crops. As part of nutrient management, post-harvest soil nitrate sampling is often relied upon to indicate the amount of N not used for crop growth during the growing season. A 4–1/2-year study was conducted that quantified the major N inputs, outputs, and residuals (soil and groundwater) at a commercial dairy field overlying a shallow unconfined aquifer in the Pacific Northwest. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationships between two indicators, (1) N mass residuals estimated by farm-field N budget and (2) post-harvest soil nitrate residuals, against measured groundwater nitrate-N concentrations following high seasonal recharge. A mass balance mixing-box spreadsheet model that accounts for the hydrogeologic characteristics of the site was used to quantitatively predict the impact of excess farm-field N on underlying shallow groundwater nitrate-N concentrations. Despite intensive sampling of N balance components and post-harvest soil nitrate conditions, the N-budget-predicted groundwater nitrate-N was 37% of the average field-measured early winter groundwater concentration. The post-harvest soil nitrate-predicted groundwater nitrate-N concentration was 140% of that measured in the field. Neither indicator provided a reliable prediction of the groundwater quality response to land application of nutrients using the spreadsheet model in this poorly drained/high water table setting. The mixing-box model provides a basic tool for testing hypothetical nutrient management scenarios in a variety of conditions. However, groundwater nitrate monitoring data are needed to determine actual outcomes.
Starting Page	107
Ending Page	123
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13851314
Journal	Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems
Volume Number	107
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15730867
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2017-01-09
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Nitrate Leaching Groundwater Mass balance Soil nitrate Spreadsheet model Agriculture
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agronomy and Crop Science Soil Science

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