NDLI: The Emergence of Temporal Structures in Dynamical Systems

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mainzer, Klaus
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Dynamical systems in classical, relativistic and quantum physics are ruled by laws with time reversibility. Complex dynamical systems with time-irreversibility are known from thermodynamics, biological evolution, growth of organisms, brain research, aging of people, and historical processes in social sciences. Complex systems are systems that compromise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of macroscopic collective behavior the manifestations of which are the spontaneous emergence of distinctive temporal, spatial or functional structures. But, emergence is no mystery. In a general meaning, the emergence of macroscopic features results from the nonlinear interactions of the elements in a complex system. Mathematically, the emergence of irreversible structures is modelled by phase transitions in non-equilibrium dynamics of complex systems. These methods have been modified even for chemical, biological, economic and societal applications (e.g., econophysics). Emergence of irreversible structures can also be simulated by computational systems. The question arises how the emergence of irreversible structures is compatible with the reversibility of fundamental physical laws. It is argued that, according to quantum cosmology, cosmic evolution leads from symmetry to complexity of irreversible structures by symmetry breaking and phase transitions. Thus, arrows of time and aging processes are not only subjective experiences or even contradictions to natural laws, but they can be explained by quantum cosmology and the nonlinear dynamics of complex systems. Human experiences and religious concepts of arrows of time are considered in a modern scientific framework. Platonic ideas of eternity are at least understandable with respect to mathematical invariance and symmetry of physical laws. Heraclit’s world of change and dynamics can be mapped onto our daily real-life experiences of arrows of time.
Starting Page	1638
Ending Page	1650
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00159018
Journal	Foundations of Physics
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	9-10
e-ISSN	15729516
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2010-03-31
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Dynamical system Complexity Symmetry breaking Emergence Operator time Parameter time Philosophy of Science Mechanics Statistical Physics, Dynamical Systems and Complexity Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory Quantum Physics History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy

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