NDLI: Spray Measurements of an Upright Fire Sprinkler

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhou, Xiangyang D’Aniello, Stephen P. Yu, Hong Zeng
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Measurements were conducted to characterize the spray patterns of an upright fire sprinkler in the near and far field of the sprinkler. The spatial distribution of droplet size, velocity and number density in the spray was measured using a laser-based shadow-imaging system. The water volume flux distribution was measured by an array of pressure-transducer-equipped water collection tubes and containers. A large-scale traverse was constructed to move the laser optics and water collection tubes and containers to the designated measurement locations. An upright fire sprinkler with a K-factor of 162 lpm/bar1/2, installed with its deflector 0.17 m below a flat horizontal ceiling, was characterized at two discharge pressures, i.e., 0.76 bar and 1.31 bar. In the near field at 0.76 m from the sprinkler, measurements were performed in a spherical coordinate at different azimuthal and elevation angles with respect to the sprinkler deflector. In the far field, the sprays were mapped out in a 110° circular sector at 3.05 m and 4.57 m below the ceiling. The shadow-imaging based water flux measurements were verified by the measurements obtained from water collection containers. Except for the pipe effect, the azimuthal distributions of the flow rate showed that the spray pattern was more influenced by the frame arms than by the deflector tines and slots. The gross droplet size distribution was expressed as a combination of a log-normal function and Rosin–Rammler function. The median droplet diameter was correlated as an empirical function of the sprinkler orifice diameter and operating pressure. The near-field distributions of the droplet size, velocity and flux can be used to prescribe the starting spray conditions for numerical simulations of spray transport. The far-field measurements are useful in evaluating the spray transport calculations.
Starting Page	457
Ending Page	482
Page Count	26
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00152684
Journal	Fire Technology
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15728099
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-12-11
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Spray measurement Upright fire sprinkler Shadow-imaging system Civil Engineering Mechanics Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Science Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
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9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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