NDLI: Response Phase Behaviours and Response Time Predictors of the 9/11 World Trade Center Evacuation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Day, Rachel C. Hulse, Lynn M. Galea, Edwin R.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The evacuation of the World Trade Center (WTC) Twin Towers on 9/11 is one of the largest full scale high-rise emergency evacuations to date and provides an opportunity to learn from survivor experiences. Here, quantitative and qualitative data extracted from the UK WTC High-rise Evacuation Evaluation Database (HEED) study were used to: (i) calculate more fine-grained response times useful for evacuation modelling; (ii) investigate Response Phase behaviours; and (iii) see which of these behaviours and other factors predicted the response times. Analyses revealed that the majority of participants’ response times were within 0 min to 1 min of WTC1 being hit (rapid responders) and 1 min to 4 min (moderate responders). Logistic regression indicated that rapid responders were more likely to be participants in WTC2 than participants in WTC1, the tower that was currently under attack. Higher perceived risk and undertaking fewer if any tasks prior to evacuation also significantly predicted rapid response times. Conversely, response times beyond 1 min from WTC1 impact were significantly predicted only by increased numbers of Information Tasks being undertaken prior to evacuation. These tasks appeared to be undertaken more frequently prior to evacuation than were Action Tasks.
Starting Page	657
Ending Page	678
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00152684
Journal	Fire Technology
Volume Number	49
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15728099
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-07-28
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Response Phase behaviour Response times Pre-evacuation delay Human behaviour World Trade Center Risk perception Civil Engineering Mechanics Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Science Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Overview of Major Studies on the Evacuation of World Trade Center Buildings 1 and 2 on 9/11

Health Effects of the World Trade Center 9/11 Disaster: An Overview

Modeling the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

Analysis of the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

Egress from the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

9/11 World Trade Center Attacks: Lessons in Fire Safety Engineering After the Collapse of the Towers

The Collection and Analysis of Pre-evacuation Times Derived from Evacuation Trials and Their Application to Evacuation Modelling

A Post-fire Survey on the Pre-evacuation Human Behavior

Evacuation Processes Versus Evacuation Models: “Quo Vadimus”?

Response Phase Behaviours and Response Time Predictors of the 9/11 World Trade Center Evacuation

Similar Documents

Overview of Major Studies on the Evacuation of World Trade Center Buildings 1 and 2 on 9/11

Health Effects of the World Trade Center 9/11 Disaster: An Overview

Modeling the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

Analysis of the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

Egress from the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

9/11 World Trade Center Attacks: Lessons in Fire Safety Engineering After the Collapse of the Towers

The Collection and Analysis of Pre-evacuation Times Derived from Evacuation Trials and Their Application to Evacuation Modelling

A Post-fire Survey on the Pre-evacuation Human Behavior

Evacuation Processes Versus Evacuation Models: “Quo Vadimus”?

Response Phase Behaviours and Response Time Predictors of the 9/11 World Trade Center Evacuation