NDLI: An Experimental Examination of Dead Air Space for Smoke Alarms

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An Experimental Examination of Dead Air Space for Smoke Alarms

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Su, Joseph Z. Crampton, George P.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	North American smoke-alarm installation standards and manufacturer’s recommendations require that smoke alarms be installed not less than 100 mm from any adjoining wall if mounted on a flat ceiling, and not closer than 100 mm and not farther than 300 mm from the adjoining ceiling surface if mounted on walls. The aim of this prescriptive rule is to avoid installation of smoke alarms in the “dead air space”, where it is assumed to be difficult for smoke to reach. However, there was little scientific basis and experimental evidence for this prescriptive rule. A series of experimental studies were conducted in a residential dwelling as well as in a laboratory room to examine the effect of “dead air space” on smoke-alarm response. Small and slow-growing smouldering and flaming fire sources were used to challenge the smoke alarms. The results show that smoke can reach the “dead air space” under the experimental conditions and the smoke alarms installed in the “dead air space” can respond to the fire at times comparable to, and in many cases even earlier than, the smoke alarms installed at conventional locations. There was no obvious evidence of the “dead air space” effect. The prescriptive “dead air space” as currently defined in the standards is questionable as far as early fire detection is concerned when fires are still small and smoke flows caused by the fires are still slow. Performance-based approaches should be used to identify those spaces where smoke may be difficult to reach.
Starting Page	97
Ending Page	115
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00152684
Journal	Fire Technology
Volume Number	45
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15728099
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-02-07
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	smoke alarms fire detection Physics Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Mechanics Civil Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Science Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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