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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Ekberg, Jan |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Abstract | Will future immigration to a country with a large public sector alleviate the increasing burden on the public welfare system due to an ageing population? The question is based on the experience that the age structure of immigrants differs from that of the native population. Fiscal impacts due to immigration depend mainly on the size, the age composition and the labour market integration of the additional population which arises because of immigration. A projection from Statistics Sweden about future immigration combined with the latest Long-Term Survey of the Swedish Economy has been used in this study. Calculations for Sweden up to the year 2050 show that the positive net contribution to the public sector from the additional population is rather small even with good integration into the labour market. The reason is that future immigration will increase the size of the population and thereby raise not only revenue from taxation but also public expenses. The fiscal impact is sensitive to the labour market integration of the additional population. The yearly positive/negative net contribution effect is less than 1% of GDP for most of the years. On the whole, the results are about the same even if we change the assumptions concerning the composition of future public revenues, the growth of public expenses, return migration, or the age-specific birth and death rates in the additional population. More considerable net fiscal effects would require a much higher and probably unrealistic level of future immigration.L’immigration future dans un pays disposant d’un vaste secteur public soulagera-t-elle le poids que le vieillissement démographique fait peser sur le système public de sécurité sociale ? La question se base sur le fait que la structure par âge des immigrants diffère de celle de la population autochtone. L’impact fiscal de l’immigration dépend principalement de l’importance numérique, de la structure par âge et de l’intégration dans le marché du travail de la population additionnelle qui survient du fait de l’immigration. Une projection relative à l’immigration future réalisée par Statistiques Suède combinée aux données de la dernière enquête de longue durée sur l’économie suédoise a été utilisée pour cette étude. Les projections jusqu’en 2050 montrent que la contribution positive nette de la population additionnelle au secteur public est plutôt faible même dans le cas d’une bonne intégration dans le marché du travail. Ceci est dû au fait que l’immigration future augmentera l’effectif de la population, accroissant ainsi les revenus issus des taxes mais aussi les dépenses publiques. L’impact fiscal est sensible au degré d’intégration de la population additionnelle dans le marché du travail. La contribution annuelle nette positive/négative est inférieure à 1% du PIB pour la plupart des années considérées. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats restent semblables quelles que soient les hypothèses relatives à la composition des recettes publiques futures, à la croissance des dépenses publiques, aux migrations de retour et aux taux de natalité et de mortalité par âge de la population additionnelle. Des effets fiscaux plus élevés nécessiteraient des niveaux d’immigration future beaucoup plus élevés et sans doute irréalistes. |
| Starting Page | 103 |
| Ending Page | 124 |
| Page Count | 22 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 01686577 |
| Journal | European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie |
| Volume Number | 27 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 15729885 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Netherlands |
| Publisher Date | 2011-01-12 |
| Publisher Place | Dordrecht |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Immigration Secteur public Structure par âge Population additionnelle Emploi Methodology of the Social Sciences Public Finance & Economics Population Economics Human Geography Sociology Demography |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Demography |
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