NDLI: Modelling the regional variability of the probability of high trihalomethane occurrence in municipal drinking water

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Cool, Geneviève Lebel, Alexandre Sadiq, Rehan Rodriguez, Manuel J.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The regional variability of the probability of occurrence of high total trihalomethane (TTHM) levels was assessed using multilevel logistic regression models that incorporate environmental and infrastructure characteristics. The models were structured in a three-level hierarchical configuration: samples (first level), drinking water utilities (DWUs, second level) and natural regions, an ecological hierarchical division from the Quebec ecological framework of reference (third level). They considered six independent variables: precipitation, temperature, source type, seasons, treatment type and pH. The average probability of TTHM concentrations exceeding the targeted threshold was 18.1 %. The probability was influenced by seasons, treatment type, precipitations and temperature. The variance at all levels was significant, showing that the probability of TTHM concentrations exceeding the threshold is most likely to be similar if located within the same DWU and within the same natural region. However, most of the variance initially attributed to natural regions was explained by treatment types and clarified by spatial aggregation on treatment types. Nevertheless, even after controlling for treatment type, there was still significant regional variability of the probability of TTHM concentrations exceeding the threshold. Regional variability was particularly important for DWUs using chlorination alone since they lack the appropriate treatment required to reduce the amount of natural organic matter (NOM) in source water prior to disinfection. Results presented herein could be of interest to authorities in identifying regions with specific needs regarding drinking water quality and for epidemiological studies identifying geographical variations in population exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs).
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	18
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	187
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2015-11-12
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Drinking water Trihalomethanes Regional variability Multilevel modelling Ecosystems Climate Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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