NDLI: Indoor air pollution levels in public buildings in Thailand and exposure assessment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Klinmalee, Aungsiri Srimongkol, Kasama Kim Oanh, Nguyen Thi
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Levels of pollutants including PM2.5 and PM2.5 composition (black carbon and water soluble ions), SO2, NO2, CO, CO2, and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) were monitored for indoor and outdoor air at a university campus and a shopping center, both located in the Northern suburb of Bangkok. Sampling was done during December 2005–February 2006 on both weekdays and weekends. At the university, indoor monitoring was done in two different air conditioned classrooms which shows the I/O ratios for all pollutants to be below 0.5–0.8 during the weekends. However, on weekdays the ratios for CO2 and most detected BTEX were above 1.0. The concept of classroom occupancy was defined using a function of the student number in a lecture hour and the number of lecture hours per day. Classroom 2, which had a higher occupancy than classroom 1, was characterized by higher concentrations of most pollutants. PM2.5 was an exception and was higher in classroom 1 (37 μg/m3, weekdays) as compared to classroom 2 (26 μg/m3, weekdays) which was likely linked to the dust resuspension from the carpeted floor in the former. Monitoring was also done in the shopping mall at three different sites. Indoor pollutants levels and the I/O ratios at the shopping mall were higher than at the university. Levels of all pollutants measured at the car park, except for toluene and CO2, were the highest. I/O ratios of the pollutants at the mall were above 1.0, which indicates the relatively higher influence of the indoor sources. However, the black carbon content in PM2.5 outdoor is higher than indoor, which suggest the important contribution from outdoor combustion sources such as the traffic. Major sources of outdoor air pollution in the areas were briefly discussed. Exposure modeling was applied using the time activity and measured pollutant concentrations to assess the exposure of different groups of people in the study areas. High exposure to PM2.5, especially for the people working in the mall, should be of health effect concern.
Starting Page	581
Ending Page	594
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	156
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-08-19
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Indoor air quality PM2.5 composition I/O ratio Exposure assessment Shopping mall University classroom Bangkok Ecology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Environmental Monitoring/Analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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