NDLI: Similarities and differences in combined toxicity of sulfonamides and other antibiotics towards bacteria for environmental risk assessment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fang, Shuxia Wang, Dali Zhang, Xiaoxian Long, Xi Qin, Mengnan Lin, Zhifen Liu, Ying
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Antibiotics as a type of environmental contaminants are typically exposed to chemical mixtures over long periods of time, so chronic combined toxicity is the best way to perform an environmental risk assessment. In this paper, the individual and combined toxicity of sulfonamides (SAs), sulfonamide potentiators (SAPs), and doxycycline hyclate (DH) were tested on gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, B. subtilis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, E. coli) bacteria. The individual toxicity of antibiotics on the two bacteria could be ranked in the same order: SAs < SAPs < DH. But E. coli was more sensitive than B. subtilis to the antibiotics, which was likely due to both the different abilities of antibiotics to pass through the cell membrane and the varied capacities to bind target proteins between the two bacteria. In addition, the binary mixtures of SAs–SAPs, SAs–DH, and SAs–SAs exhibited synergistic, antagonistic, and additive effects on both of the bacteria but in different magnitudes as represented by the toxicity units (TU). And we found the different TU values were result from the different effective concentrations of antibiotic mixtures based on the approach of molecular docking and quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs). Moreover, from the results of risk assessment, it should be noted that the mixture of SAs and other antibiotics may pose a potential environmental risk assessment due to their combined action with the current environmentally realistic concentrations.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	13
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	188
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-06-22
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Antibiotics Combined toxicity Mechanisms QSAR Risk assessment Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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