NDLI: Groundwater resource assessment, categories, and typologies: case study, Andhra Pradesh, India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Raj, Pradeep
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	In India, groundwater assessment units are classified as overexploited areas, critical areas, semi-critical, or safe areas based on the stage of groundwater development and long-term water level trends. Intuitively, in the safe units, wells are expected to function and have good yields. Besides, in the safe units, new wells are expected to be successful. Conversely, the expectation of a successful well or wells with good yields is much lesser in the overexploited units. However, when these expectations are not met in the field, doubts are raised about the quality of assessment and its usefulness, and there is outright distrust on the agencies assessing groundwater resource by the common man as well as on the planners, administrators, and the politicians. Therefore, there is a need to present the results in a way that does not create confusion. One of the methods is to combine the assessment results with aquifer characters using geographic information system (GIS); when this is done, a whole set of newer classes emerge, which can be mapped. These classes are termed as groundwater typologies in this study. Each typology has some characteristics or traits in common, which include basic aquifer character as well as the stage of groundwater development. Thus, a class may be safe, but if the aquifer is poor, then it is separated from a class that is safe and where the aquifer is good and so on. In Andhra Pradesh, which is taken as the case study for this purpose, eight main typologies emerged, and two of these main typologies were further divided into four subtypologies each. This new way of understanding the pattern of groundwater abstraction (using GIS) has a better visual impact. Groundwater typologies are found to be much more rational and useful in developing management strategies, rather than simple listing as overexploited areas, critical areas, semi-critical areas, and safe areas as is commonly done. The typologies so delineated indicate on the map (or table) that balanced usable groundwater is in between 5 and 6 bcm/a as against the estimated balance of 20.5 bcm/a, and it is largely in poor hard rock type of aquifers, which occupy about a third of the area of the state.
Starting Page	777
Ending Page	788
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	173
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2010-03-31
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hard rocks Assessment units Groundwater Rational presentation Andhra Pradesh India Ecology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Environmental Monitoring/Analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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