NDLI: Assessment of bed sediment metal contamination in the Shadegan and Hawr Al Azim wetlands, Iran

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Nasirian, Hassan Irvine, K. N. Sadeghi, Sayyed Mohammad Taghi Mahvi, Amir Hossein Nazmara, Shahrokh
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The Shadegan and Hawr Al Azim wetlands are important natural resources in southwestern Iran, yet relatively little work has been done to assess ecosystem health of the wetlands. Bed sediment from both wetlands was sampled in individual months between October, 2011 and December, 2012 and analyzed for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The metals data were evaluated using a combination of sediment quality guidelines from the Ontario Ministry of Energy and Environment (MOEE, Canada), enrichment factors (EFs), and a geo-accumulation index (Igeo) approach. The sediments exceeded MOEE Lowest Effect Levels (LELs) consistently for Cr and Cu and a small proportion of samples (5 %) for Hg. Levels of As, Cd, Fe, Pb, and Zn did not exceed LELs and none of the samples exceeded the Severe Effect Levels (SELs). In addition to the sediment guidelines, both the EF and Igeo calculations suggested levels of Mn and Fe were severely enriched, while the EF indicated Cd was slightly enriched. Metal levels in the Shadegan wetland exhibited both spatial and seasonal trends. Metal levels were greater near input areas from agricultural, urban, and industrial discharges and runoff as compared to the more remote and quiescent central part of the wetland. Except for Fe, the metal levels were greater in the wet season as compared to the dry season, perhaps due to greater stormwater runoff and sediment loads. This study provides baseline data which can be used to support development of appropriate contaminant source management strategies to help ensure conservation of these valuable wetland resources.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	15
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	188
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-01-21
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Assessment Contamination Metal Bed sediment Wetland Shadegan Hawr Al Azim Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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