NDLI: Somatic embryogenesis efficiently eliminates viroid infections from grapevines

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gambi, Giorgio Navarro, Beatriz Vallania, Rosalina Gribaudo, Ivana Serio, Francesco
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Indirect somatic embryogenesis is effective at eliminating the most important viruses affecting grapevines. Accordingly, this technique was tested as a method for eradicating two widespread viroids, Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (GYSVd-1) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), from four grapevine cultivars. Both viroids were detected by RT-PCR in grapevine floral explants used for initiating embryogenic cultures, as well as in undifferentiated cells of embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli from anthers and ovaries. In contrast, somatic embryos differentiated from these infected calli were viroid-free, and viroids were not detected in embryo-derived plantlets even 3 years after their transfer to greenhouse conditions. A wider spatial distribution of HSVd than GYSVd-1 within proliferating calli was revealed by in situ hybridization, whereas no hybridization signal was detected in the somatic embryos. In addition, GYSVd-1 and HSVd were localised in the nucleus of infected cells, conclusively showing the nuclear accumulation of representative members of Apscaviroid and Hostuviroid genera, which has been only an assumption so far. Somatic embryogenesis was compared to in vitro thermotherapy, a technique routinely used for virus eradication. After thermotherapy, HSVd and GYSVd-1 were detected in all in vitro plantlets of the cultivar Roussan, and in all lines analysed after 3 years of culture in greenhouse. The high efficiency with which somatic embryogenesis may eliminate viroids and viruses from several infected grapevine cultivars, should allow the availability of virus- and viroid-free material, which would be useful not only for sanitary selection but also for basic research on plant-virus and plant-viroid interactions in grapevine.
Starting Page	511
Ending Page	519
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09291873
Journal	European Journal of Plant Pathology
Volume Number	130
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15738469
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-03-18
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	HSVd GYSVd-1 Vitis vinifera In situ hybridization Thermotherapy Nuclear localization Agriculture Plant Sciences Life Sciences Plant Pathology Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Horticulture Agronomy and Crop Science

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