NDLI: Gravity currents and intrusions of stratified fluids into a stratified ambient

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ungarish, Marius
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	We consider high-Reynolds-number Boussinesq gravity currents and intrusions systems in which both the ambient and the propagating “current” are linearly stratified. The main focus is on a current of fixed volume released from a rectangular lock; the height ratio of the fluids H, and the stratification parameter of the ambient S, are quite general. We develop a one-layer shallow-water (SW) model which is an extension of previously used and tested formulations for currents and intrusions of constant density. The internal stratification enters as a new dimensionless parameter, $${\sigma \in [0,1]}$$ . Analytical results are obtained for the initial “slumping” stage during which the speed of propagation is constant, and finite-difference solutions are presented for the more general time-dependent motion. Overall, this is a versatile and robust self-contained prediction tool, which reduces smoothly to the classical case when σ = 0. We show that, in general, the speed of propagation decreases when the internal stratification becomes more pronounced (σ increases). An interesting non-expected behavior was detected: when the stratification of the ambient is weak and moderate then the height of the current decreases with σ, but the opposite occurs when the stratification of the ambient is strong (S ≈ 1, including the case of an intrusion). Moreover, when the stratification of the ambient is strong a current with internal stratification may “run out” of driving power. We also consider the Benjamin-type steady state current with internal linear stratification in a non-stratified ambient, and show that an analytical solution exists, and that the maximal thickness decreases to below half-channel depth when σ increases.
Starting Page	115
Ending Page	132
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15677419
Journal	Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15731510
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-06-23
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Gravity current Intrusion Stratified Shallow water Oceanography Environmental Physics Meteorology/Climatology Hydrogeology Mechanics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology

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