NDLI: Moisture effects on eolian particle entrainment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Haehnel, Robert Buck, Nicole Song, Arld
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	In wind tunnel experiments, we study the effects of soil moisture on the threshold condition to entrain fine grain sand/silt into eolian flow and the near-bed concentration of airborne particles. To study the effect of particle shape on moisture bonding, we use two types of particles nearly equal in size: spherical glass beads $$(d_{50} = 134\,μ \mathrm{m})$$ and sieved quartz sand $$(d_{50} = 139 \,μ \mathrm{m})$$ . Both are poorly graded soils. We conducted these experiments at low moisture contents $$({<}1\,\%)$$ . We found that the spherical particles were more sensitive to changes in moisture than the sand, attributable to the large differences in specific surface area of the two particles. The larger specific surface area for sand is due to the surface roughness of the angular sand particle. Consequently, sand “stores” more moisture via surface adsorption, requiring higher soil moisture content to form liquid bridges between sand particles. Based on these findings, we extend the concept of a threshold moisture content, $$w^{\prime }$$ —originally proposed for clayey soils—to soils that lack any measureable clay content. This allows application of existing models developed for clayey soils that quantify the moisture effect on the threshold friction velocity to sand and silty soils (i.e., clay content $$=$$ 0). Additionally, we develop a model that quantifies the moisture effects on near-surface airborne particulate concentration, using experimental observations to determine the functional dependence on fluid and particle properties, including soil specific area. These models can be applied to numerical simulation of particulate plume formation and dispersion.
Starting Page	135
Ending Page	156
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15677419
Journal	Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15731510
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-08-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Moisture Eolian Sediment transport Soil Earth Sciences Environmental Physics Hydrology/Water Resources Mechanics Hydrogeology Oceanography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology

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