NDLI: Simulation of groundwater age evolution during the Wisconsinian glaciation over the Canadian landscape

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lemieux, Jean Michel Sudicky, Edward A.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	The simulation of groundwater age (residence time) is used to study the impact of the Wisconsinian glaciation on the Canadian continental groundwater flow system. Key processes related to coupled groundwater flow and glaciation modeling are included in the model such as density-dependent flow, hydromechanical loading, subglacial infiltration, glacial isostasy, and permafrost development. It is found that mean groundwater ages span over a large range in values, between zero and 42 Myr; exceedingly old groundwater is found at large depths where there is little groundwater flow because of low permeabilities and because of the presence of very dense brines. During the glacial cycle, old, deep groundwater below the ice sheet mixes with the young subglacial meltwater that infiltrates into the subsurface; the water displacement due to subglacial recharge reaches depths up to 3 km. The depth of penetration of the meltwater is, however, strongly dependent on the permeability of the subsurface rocks, the presence of dense brines and the presence or absence on deep fractures or conductive faults. At the end of the simulation period, it was found that the mean groundwater age in regions affected by the ice sheet advance and retreat is younger than it was at the last interglacial period. This is also true for frozen groundwater in the permafrost area and suggests that significant parts of this water is of glacial origin. Finally, the simulation of groundwater age offers an alternative and pragmatic framework to understand groundwater flow during the Pleistocene and for paleo-hydrogeological studies because it records the history of the groundwater flow paths.
Starting Page	91
Ending Page	102
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15677419
Journal	Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15731510
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2009-07-10
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater age Numerical modelling Wisconsinian glaciation Canada Paleo-hydrogeology Oceanography Meteorology/Climatology Hydrogeology Mechanics Environmental Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology

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