NDLI: The ecotoxicology and chemistry of manufactured nanoparticles

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Handy, Richard D. Kammer, Frank Lead, Jamie R. Hassellöv, Martin Owen, Richard Crane, Mark
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	The emerging literature on the ecotoxicity of nanoparticles and nanomaterials is summarised, then the fundamental physico-chemistry that governs particle behaviour is explained in an ecotoxicological context. Techniques for measuring nanoparticles in various biological and chemical matrices are also outlined. The emerging ecotoxicological literature shows toxic effects on fish and invertebrates, often at low mg l−1 concentrations of nanoparticles. However, data on bacteria, plants, and terrestrial species are particularly lacking at present. Initial data suggest that at least some manufactured nanoparticles may interact with other contaminants, influencing their ecotoxicity. Particle behaviour is influenced by particle size, shape, surface charge, and the presence of other materials in the environment. Nanoparticles tend to aggregate in hard water and seawater, and are greatly influenced by the specific type of organic matter or other natural particles (colloids) present in freshwater. The state of dispersion will alter ecotoxicity, but many abiotic factors that influence this, such as pH, salinity, and the presence of organic matter remain to be systematically investigated as part of ecotoxicological studies. Concentrations of manufactured nanoparticles have rarely been measured in the environment to date. Various techniques are available to characterise nanoparticles for exposure and dosimetry, although each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages for the ecotoxicologist. We conclude with a consideration of implications for environmental risk assessment of manufactured nanoparticles.
Starting Page	287
Ending Page	314
Page Count	28
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09639292
Journal	Ecotoxicology
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15733017
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-03-19
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Nanoparticles Nanomaterials Ecotoxicity Physico-chemical Dispersion Aggregation Risk assessment Environmental Management Ecology Ecotoxicology Environment
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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