NDLI: Movement patterns and feeding behavior of juvenile salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) along armored and unarmored estuarine shorelines

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Heerhartz, Sarah M. Toft, Jason D.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Estuarine nearshore environments are important habitats for many organisms, including juveniles of several Pacific salmon species (Oncorhynchus spp.). These habitats provide shallow water and high prey productivity, but are increasingly modified by anthropogenic activity including shoreline armoring, which disrupts connectivity between aquatic and terrestrial realms and artificially steepens the shore. Such effects may have adverse consequences for juvenile salmon, particularly Chinook (O. tshawytscha) and chum (O. nerka), which are known to rely on shallow, productive nearshore habitats for foraging and refuge from predators during their outmigration from natal streams to the sea. We developed snorkel methods to quantify feeding rates, movement rates, and path complexity of juvenile salmon along armored and unarmored shorelines in Puget Sound, WA, USA. We found that juvenile salmon had relatively high feeding rates along all shoreline types, but that path straightness and movement rates showed some variation between armored and unarmored sites. Feeding fish swam in more complex paths and were observed in larger schools than non-feeding fish, and path straightness and movement rate were negatively correlated with proportion of time feeding. Feeding behavior, school size, and movement rates also showed variation by species. Shoreline type (armored or unarmored) influenced juvenile salmon distribution, and unarmored shorelines appear to accommodate a greater diversity of movement patterns than armored shorelines. Our results show that juvenile salmon feed at high rates along armored and unarmored estuarine shorelines, thus decreased prey availability or altered prey resources are likely the most detrimental foraging effects of armoring in estuarine nearshore ecosystems.
Starting Page	1501
Ending Page	1511
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03781909
Journal	Environmental Biology of Fishes
Volume Number	98
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15735133
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-01-24
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Juvenile salmon Shoreline armoring Snorkel survey Feeding rates Estuarine nearshore Movement rates Freshwater & Marine Ecology Zoology Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Environment Nature Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Book Review
Subject	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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