NDLI: Solar flare with a surge: Scenario, energy budget, and forecast

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sidorov, V. I. Kuzminykh, Yu. V. Yazev, S. A.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Based on the analysis of solar events on August 18, 1995 (SN/C1.9 limb event) and September 23, 1998 (3B/M6.9 disk event) we suggest a new scenario of a solar flare with a surge in which the return motion of a surge is a cause of additional energy release and formation of a second system of solar flare ribbons. Observations in Hα line and data on X-ray emission fluxes in the range 1–8 Å and 0.5–4 Å are supplemented for the second case by the data in line 1550 Å. The scenario specifies two stages of development. During the first one the energy release proceeds in the current layer, which makes provisions both for acceleration of eruption upward from the solar surface and for the flare itself, including flare region heating, and radiation and thermal conductance losses. The second stage of the flare is supplied with energy due to a fall of the surge substance onto the chromosphere. The second pair of flare ribbons observed at this stage is suggested as a chromospheric criterion of realization of this scenario for disk flares. The energy released during the first stage of the flare on September 23, 1998 was equal to ∼3 · 1031 erg. Its part consumed on flare processes is about ∼0.5 · 1031 erg. The remaining part representing the eruption energy is consistent in order of magnitude with a calculated value of the flare energy on the second stage, which does not contradict the suggested scenario. Early recognition of such a scenario for flares on the disk can be used for prompt space weather forecast. In particular, a flare with a surge allows one to predict the absence of a bright core in a coronal mass ejection.
Starting Page	308
Ending Page	318
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00109525
Journal	Cosmic Research
Volume Number	49
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	16083075
Language	English
Publisher	SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Publisher Date	2011-08-07
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences Astrophysics and Astroparticles Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Aerospace Engineering Space and Planetary Science

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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