NDLI: Genetic diversity of globe artichoke landraces from Sicilian small-holdings: implications for evolution and domestication of the species

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Conservation Genetics : Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2009

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Genetic diversity of globe artichoke landraces from Sicilian small-holdings: implications for evolution and domestication of the species

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mauro, Rosario Portis, Ezio Acquadro, Alberto Lombardo, Sara Mauromicale, Giovanni Lanteri, Sergio
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) is native to the Mediterranean Basin, where it grows in close proximity with its ancestor wild cardoon (C. cardunculus var. sylvestris); its commercial production is mainly based on vegetatively propagated clones which guarantee high yields of marketable product (i.e. immature inflorescence or capitula). A collection of 24 landraces of globe artichoke was made from small-holdings in Sicily, which is assumed to be one of the possible centres of its domestication. These landraces have been cultivated for centuries by local farmers, mainly due to their culinary uniqueness. The collection was characterised for a combination of morphological traits and AFLP, gSSR and cpSSr markers. Molecular analyses included genotypes of wild cardoon collected from different sites in Sicily as well as accessions of the most widely grown Sicilian varietal types: the spiny ‘Spinoso di Palermo’ and the non-spiny ‘Violetto di Sicilia’. The landraces follow a gradient of ‘ennoblement’ towards either the domesticated spiny or the non-spiny types. ‘Cimiciusa di Mazzarino’ was an outlier, in that it resembled the cultivated forms with respect to its AFLP fingerprint, but was more closely related to the wild cardoon on the basis of SSR profile. This particular landrace presents an example of an intermediary form in the domestication process, although it could also have derived from introgression from sympatric wild cardoon, followed by farmer selection. The abundant genetic variation present demonstrates the key role of farmers’ practice in the maintenance of genetic diversity, which should be preserved because of its potential value for plant breeders.
Starting Page	431
Ending Page	440
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15660621
Journal	Conservation Genetics
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15729737
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-05-29
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cynara cardunculus L. Germplasm Genetic variability AFLP SSR Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology Evolutionary Biology Human Genetics Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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