NDLI: Effects of hydrolysis conditions on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from kenaf bast fibers

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kargarzadeh, Hanieh Ahmad, Ishak Abdullah, Ibrahim Dufresne, Alain Zainudin, Siti Yasmine Sheltami, Rasha M.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were first isolated from kenaf bast fibers and then characterized. The raw fibers were subjected to alkali treatment and bleaching treatment and subsequent hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The influence of the reaction time on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of CNC was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that lignin and hemicellulose were almost entirely removed during the alkali and bleaching treatments. The morphology and dimensions of the fibers and acid-released CNC were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. X-Ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystallinity first increases upon hydrolysis and then decreases after long durations of hydrolysis. The optimal extraction time was found to be around 40 min during hydrolysis at 45 °C with 65% sulfuric acid. The thermal stability was found to decrease as the hydrolysis time increased. The electrophoretic mobility of the CNC suspensions was measured using the zeta potential, and it ranged from −8.7 to −95.3 mV.
Starting Page	855
Ending Page	866
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09690239
Journal	Cellulose
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1572882X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-03-06
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Kenaf fibers Purification Cellulose nanocrystals Hydrolysis conditions Physical Chemistry Organic Chemistry Polymer Sciences Bioorganic Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Polymers and Plastics

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