NDLI: Effects of ethanol on pancreatic beta-cell death: interaction with glucose and fatty acids

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dembele, Korami Nguyen, K. Hoa Hernandez, Tiffany A. Nyomba, B. L. Grégoire
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Western lifestyle plays an important role in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes by causing insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, a prerequisite for the development of diabetes. High fat diet and alcohol are major components of the western diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ethanol and fatty acids on β-cell survival and metabolism. We treated the rat β-cell line RINm5F with ethanol, a mixture of palmitic and oleic acids, or both. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by (5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate) (CM-H2DCFDA) fluorescence assay, and mitochondrial activity was assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and by determining ATP production. Cell viability was assessed with a cell counter and trypan blue exclusion, and the mode of cell death by Hoechst33342 and propidium iodide staining. With both ethanol and fatty acid treatments, MTT reduction and ATP production decreased, whereas ROS production increased. Ethanol treatment had no effect on cell number, whereas fatty acid treatment reduced the cell number. Cell incubation with ethanol, fatty acids, or both increased the number of Hoechst 33342-positive nuclei. However, the majority of nuclei from fatty acid-treated cells were stained with propidium iodide, indicating a loss of plasma membrane integrity. We conclude that both ethanol and fatty acids generate cellular oxidative stress, and affect mitochondrial function in RINm5F β-cells. However, ethanol causes β-cell death by apoptosis, whereas fatty acids cause cell death predominantly by necrosis. It is not known whether these results are applicable to human β-cells.
Starting Page	141
Ending Page	152
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07422091
Journal	Cell Biology and Toxicology
Volume Number	25
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15736822
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-03-11
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Apoptosis Oxidative stress Beta cells Ethanol Fatty acids Biochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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