NDLI: Mustard gas surrogate, 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide (2-CEES), induces centrosome amplification and aneuploidy in human and mouse cells : 2-CEES induces centrosome amplification and chromosome instability

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bennett, Richard A. Behrens, Elizabeth Zinn, Ashtyn Duncheon, Christian Lamkin, Thomas J.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Mustard gas is a simple molecule with a deadly past. First used as a chemical weapon in World War I, its simple formulation has raised concerns over its use by terrorist organizations and unstable governments. Mustard gas is a powerful vesicant and alkylating agent that causes painful blisters on epithelial surfaces and increases the incidence of cancer in those exposed. The mechanism of mustard gas toxicity and tumorigenesis is not well understood but is thought to be mediated by its ability to induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. Interestingly, several proteins that have been shown to either be targets of mustard gas or mediate mustard gas toxicity have also been shown to regulate centrosome duplication. Centrosomes are small nonmembrane-bound organelles that direct the segregation of chromosomes during mitosis through the formation of the bipolar mitotic spindle. Cells with more or less than two centrosomes during mitosis can segregate their chromosomes unequally, resulting in chromosome instability, a common phenotype of cancer cells. In our studies, we show that subtoxic levels of 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide (2-CEES), a mustard gas analog, induce centrosome amplification and chromosome instability in cells, which may hasten the mutation rate necessary for tumorigenesis. These data may explain why those exposed to mustard gas exhibit higher incidences of cancer than unexposed individuals of the same cohort.
Starting Page	195
Ending Page	205
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07422091
Journal	Cell Biology and Toxicology
Volume Number	30
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15736822
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-06-04
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Mustard gas Cancer Centrosomes Centrosome amplification Chromosome instability Sulfur mustard Cell Biology Pharmacology/Toxicology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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