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Long-Range Reduced Predictive Information Transfers of Autistic Youths in EEG Sensor-Space During Face Processing

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Khadem, Ali Hossein Zadeh, Gholam Ali Khorrami, Anahita
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The majority of previous functional/effective connectivity studies conducted on the autistic patients converged to the underconnectivity theory of ASD: “long-range underconnectivity and sometimes short-rang overconnectivity”. However, to the best of our knowledge the total (linear and nonlinear) predictive information transfers (PITs) of autistic patients have not been investigated yet. Also, EEG data have rarely been used for exploring the information processing deficits in autistic subjects. This study is aimed at comparing the total (linear and nonlinear) PITs of autistic and typically developing healthy youths during human face processing by using EEG data. The ERPs of 12 autistic youths and 19 age-matched healthy control (HC) subjects were recorded while they were watching upright and inverted human face images. The PITs among EEG channels were quantified using two measures separately: transfer entropy with self-prediction optimality (TESPO), and modified transfer entropy with self-prediction optimality (MTESPO). Afterwards, the directed differential connectivity graphs (dDCGs) were constructed to characterize the significant changes in the estimated PITs of autistic subjects compared with HC ones. By using both TESPO and MTESPO, long-range reduction of PITs of ASD group during face processing was revealed (particularly from frontal channels to right temporal channels). Also, it seemed the orientation of face images (upright or upside down) did not modulate the binary pattern of PIT-based dDCGs, significantly. Moreover, compared with TESPO, the results of MTESPO were more compatible with the underconnectivity theory of ASD in the sense that MTESPO showed no long-range increase in PIT. It is also noteworthy that to the best of our knowledge it is the first time that a version of MTE is applied for patients (here ASD) and it is also its first use for EEG data analysis.
Starting Page	283
Ending Page	295
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08960267
Journal	Brain Topography
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15736792
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-10-03
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Predictive information transfer (PIT) Transfer entropy with self-prediction optimality Modified transfer entropy with self-prediction optimality Face processing Underconnectivity theory of ASD Neurosciences Psychiatry Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Anatomy Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging Neurology (clinical) Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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