NDLI: Effect of Coordinate Rotation Systems on Calculated Fluxes over a Forest in Complex Terrain: A Comprehensive Comparison

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Shimizu, Takari
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Seven coordinate rotation systems were compared to determine a suitable system for a forest in complex terrain, using eddy-covariance data for a period of 40 days. The traditional double rotation was set as the standard of comparison with six other fixed coordinate systems, whose coefficients were carefully determined based on wind component data for a two-year period. Differences in total heat fluxes and daytime $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ fluxes calculated from all systems were small, except those from the sector-wise planar fit, which linearly and systematically underestimated the fluxes by about 5 %. The nighttime $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ flux was also underestimated by the sector-wise planar fit, but there was significant scatter in the plots, and the mean difference was 7 %. The standard deviations of the wind components and scalars normalized by the friction velocity and the dynamic parameters were calculated for each system, and the errors from the relationships obtained previously from flat and homogenous terrain were examined. The nighttime normalized standard deviation for scalars agreed better with the relationships after applying the sector-wise planar fit than those calculated by the other systems, although no remarkable difference was found in the daytime data. Therefore, the sector-wise planar fit was not the first choice for our site during daytime based on the energy imbalance, which was mainly caused by underestimating daytime heat fluxes. Double rotation or one of the four systems without the roll rotation process might be superior at our site. However, the offset error in the vertical wind component of the sonic anemometer induced errors of several percent in the fluxes in these systems, which was equivalent to the underestimation using the sector-wise planar fit. Meanwhile, the sector-wise planar fit system might still be the best system for calculating nighttime flux, considering the tendency of the nighttime normalized standard deviations.
Starting Page	277
Ending Page	301
Page Count	25
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00068314
Journal	Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Volume Number	156
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15731472
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-04-29
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Complex terrain Coordinate system Heat and mass fluxes Offset error Atmospheric Sciences Meteorology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atmospheric Science

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