NDLI: Winter and summer nitrous oxide and nitrogen oxides fluxes from a seasonally snow-covered subalpine meadow at Niwot Ridge, Colorado

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Filippa, Gianluca Freppaz, Michele Williams, Mark W. Helmig, Detlev Liptzin, Daniel Seok, Brian Hall, Brad Chowanski, Kurt
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	The soil emission rates (fluxes) of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen oxides (NO + NO2 = NO x ) through a seasonal snowpack were determined by a flux gradient method from near-continuous 2-year measurements using an automated system for sampling interstitial air at various heights within the snowpack from a subalpine site at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. The winter seasonal-averaged N2O fluxes of 0.047–0.069 nmol m−2 s−1 were ~15 times higher than observed NO x fluxes of 0.0030–0.0067 nmol m−2 s−1. During spring N2O emissions first peaked and then dropped sharply as the soil water content increased from the release of snowpack meltwater, while other gases, including NO x and CO2 did not show this behavior. To compare and contrast the winter fluxes with snow-free conditions, N2O fluxes were also measured at the same site in the summers of 2006 and 2007 using a closed soil chamber method. Summer N2O fluxes followed a decreasing trend during the dry-out period after snowmelt, interrupted by higher values related to precipitation events. These peaks were up to 2–3 times higher than the background summer levels. The integrated N2O-N loss over the summer period was calculated to be 1.1–2.4 kg N ha−1, compared to ~0.24–0.34 kg N ha−1 for the winter season. These wintertime N2O fluxes from subniveal soil are generally higher than the few previously published data. These results are of the same order of magnitude as data from more productive ecosystems such as fertilized grasslands and high-N-cycling forests, most likely because of a combination of the relatively well-developed soils and the fact that subnivean biogeochemical processes are promoted by the deep, insulating snowpack. Hence, microbially mediated oxidized nitrogen emissions occurring during the winter can be a significant part of the N-cycle in seasonally snow-covered subalpine ecosystems.
Starting Page	131
Ending Page	149
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01682563
Journal	Biogeochemistry
Volume Number	95
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	1573515X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2009-05-06
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Denitrification Nitrification Nitrogen oxides Nitrous oxide Snowpack Soil biogeochemistry Life Sciences Ecosystems Environmental Chemistry Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth-Surface Processes Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology

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