NDLI: Aerobic biotransformation of 2,4-dinitroanisole in soil and soil Bacillus sp.

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Perreault, Nancy N. Man, Dominic Halasz, Annamaria Thiboutot, Sonia Ampleman, Guy Hawari, Jalal
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is a low sensitive melt-cast chemical being tested by the Military Industry as a replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in explosive formulations. Little is known about the fate of DNAN and its transformation products in the natural environment. Here we report aerobic biotransformation of DNAN in artificially contaminated soil microcosms. DNAN was completely transformed in 8 days in soil slurries supplemented with carbon and nitrogen sources. DNAN was completely transformed in 34 days in slurries supplemented with carbons alone and persisted in unamended microcosms. A strain of Bacillus (named 13G) that transformed DNAN by co-metabolism was isolated from the soil. HPLC and LC–MS analyses of cell-free and resting cell assays of Bacillus 13G with DNAN showed the formation of 2-amino-4-nitroanisole as the major end-product via the intermediary formation of the arylnitroso (ArNO) and arylhydroxylamino (ArNHOH) derivatives, indicating regioselective reduction of the ortho-nitro group. A series of secondary reactions involving ArNO and ArNHOH gave the corresponding azoxy- and azo-dimers. Acetylated and demethylated products were identified. Overall, this paper provides the evidence of fast DNAN transformation by the indigenous microbial populations of an amended soil with no history of contamination with explosives and a first insight into the aerobic metabolism of DNAN by the soil isolate Bacillus 13G.
Starting Page	287
Ending Page	295
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09239820
Journal	Biodegradation
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15729729
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-09-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	DNAN Nitroaromatic Explosive Biodegradation Nitroreduction Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Microbiology Waste Management/Waste Technology Terrestrial Pollution Geochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Bioengineering Microbiology

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