NDLI: Biogeochemical transformations of arsenic in circumneutral freshwater sediments

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Biogeochemical transformations of arsenic in circumneutral freshwater sediments

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Nicholas, David R. Ramamoorthy, Srividhya Palace, Vince Spring, Stefan Moore, Johnnie N. Rosenzweig, R. Frank
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Arsenic is a wide-spread contaminant of soils and sediments, andmany watersheds worldwide regularly experience severe arsenic loading. While the toxicityof arsenic to plants and animals is well recognized, the geochemical and biological transformationsthat alter its bioavailability in the environment are multifaceted and remain poorly understood.This communication provides a brief overview of our current understanding of the biogeochemistryof arsenic in circumneutral freshwater sediments, placing special emphasis on microbialtransformations. Arsenic can reside in a number of oxidation states and complex ions. The commoninorganic aqueous species at circumneutral pH are the negatively charged arsenates(H2AsVO4 - and HasVO4 2-) and zero-charged arsenite(H3AsIIIO3 0). Arsenic undergoes diagenesis in response to both physicaland biogeochemical processes. It accumulates in oxic sediments by adsorption on and/orco-precipitation with hydrous iron and manganese oxides. Burial of such sediments in anoxic/suboxicenvironments favors their reduction, releasing Fe(II), Mn(II) and associatedadsorbed/coprecipitated As. Upward advection can translocate these cations and As into theoverlying oxic zone where they may reprecipitate. Alternatively, As may be repartitioned tothe sulfidic phase, forming precipitates such as arsenopyrite and orpiment. Soluble and adsorbedAs species undergo biotic transformations. As(V) can serve as the terminal electronacceptor in the biological oxidation of organic matter, and the limited number of microbes capableof this transformations are diverse in their phylogeny and physiology. Fe(III)-respiring bacteriacan mobilize both As(V) and As(III) bound to ferric oxides by the reductive dissolution ofiron-arsenate minerals. SO4 2--reducing bacteria canpromote deposition of As(III) as sulfide minerals via their production of sulfide. A limited number of As(III)-oxidizing bacteriahave been identified, some of which couple this reaction to growth. Lastly, prokaryotic andeukaryotic microbes can alter arsenic toxicity either by coupling cellular export to its reductionor by converting inorganic As to organo-arsenical compounds. The degree to which each ofthese metabolic transformations influences As mobilization or sequestration in differentsedimentary matrices remains to be established.
Starting Page	123
Ending Page	137
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09239820
Journal	Biodegradation
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15729729
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Geochemistry Soil Science & Conservation Terrestrial Pollution Waste Management/Waste Technology Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Bioengineering Microbiology

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