NDLI: What is the relevance of smallholders’ agroforestry systems for conserving tropical tree species and genetic diversity in circa situm, in situ and ex situ settings? A review

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dawson, Ian K. Guariguata, Manuel R. Loo, Judy Weber, John C. Lengkeek, Ard Bush, David Cornelius, Jonathan Guari, Luigi Kindt, Roeland Orwa, Calleb Russell, Joanne Jamnadass, Ramni
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Smallholders’ agroforests may be valuable for conserving tropical trees through three main mechanisms. First, trees planted and/or retained by farmers in agricultural landscapes where wild stands were once found may be circa situm reservoirs of biodiversity. Second, farmland trees may support conservation in situ by providing an alternative source of product to reduce extraction from forest, and by acting as ‘corridors’ or ‘stepping stones’ that connect fragmented wild stands. Third, the additional value that planting assigns to trees may result in greater interest in including them in seed collections, field trials and field ‘genebanks’ that support ex situ conservation. Here, we critically review the evidence for these mechanisms, and highlight areas for research and for intervention so that agroforestry practices can better support conservation in each setting, with an emphasis on often neglected genetic-level considerations. Based on current global challenges to diversity, conservation will need to rely increasingly on a smallholder-farm circa situm approach, but concerns on long-term effectiveness need to be properly quantified and addressed. Connectivity between widely dispersed, low density trees in agricultural landscapes is an important factor determining the success of the circa situm approach, while improving farmers’ access to a diversity of tree germplasm that they are interested in planting is required. The circumstances in which agroforestry plantings can support in situ conservation need to be better defined, and research on the stability of active tree seed collections (how long are species and populations retained in them?) as ex situ reservoirs of biodiversity is needed.
Starting Page	301
Ending Page	324
Page Count	24
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09603115
Journal	Biodiversity and Conservation
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15729710
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-01-09
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Agroforestry Circa situm conservation Ex situ conservation In situ conservation Effective population size Genetic variation Evolutionary Biology Plant Sciences Tree Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Nature and Landscape Conservation

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