NDLI: Species concepts and speciation factors in cyanobacteria, with connection to the problems of diversity and classification

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dvořák, Petr Poulíčková, Aloisie Hašler, Petr Belli, Mattia Casamatta, Dale A. Papini, Alessio
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The cyanobacteria are the most important prokaryotic primary producers on Earth, inhabiting a great diversity of aquatic and terrestrial environments exposed to light. However, the evolutionary forces leading to their divergence and speciation remain largely enigmatic compared to macroorganisms due to their prokaryotic nature, including vast population sizes, and largely asexual reproduction. The advent of modern molecular techniques has facilitated an understanding of the important factors shaping cyanobacterial evolution, including horizontal gene transfer and homologous recombination. We review the forces shaping the evolution of cyanobacteria and discuss the role of cohesive forces on speciation. Further, while myriad species concepts and definitions are currently used, only a limited subset might be applied to cyanobacteria due to their asexual reproduction. Additionally, concepts based solely on phenotypes provide insufficient resolution. A monophyletic species concept which is universal may be ideal for cyanobacteria. Actual identification of the cyanobacteria is difficult due to cryptic diversity, lack of morphological variability, and frequent convergent evolutionary events. Thus, applied molecular techniques such as DNA barcoding will be useful for identifications of environmental samples. Lastly, we show that the real biodiversity of the cyanobacteria is widely underestimated, due in part to low sampling efforts, sensitivity to the molecular markers employed, and the species definitions employed by researchers. In conclusion, we anticipate a rapid increase in cyanobacterial taxa described and large revisions of the system in the future as scientists adopt a common approach to cyanobacterial systematics.
Starting Page	739
Ending Page	757
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09603115
Journal	Biodiversity and Conservation
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15729710
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-03-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cyanobacteria Species concept Evolution Speciation Biodiversity Evolutionary Biology Plant Sciences Tree Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Nature and Landscape Conservation

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