NDLI: Competing drivers lead to non-linear native–exotic relationships in endangered temperate grassy woodlands

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Prober, Suzanne M. Thiele, Kevin R. Speijers, Jane
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Relationships between the diversity and abundance of native versus exotic species underpin management of disturbance regimes for conservation. Theory predicts negative, positive or neutral relationships depending on respective drivers, with greatest potential benefit when natives and exotics show opposing responses to management. We examined drivers of exotic plant cover and relationships with native plant richness using 12-year burning, mowing and grazing experiments in two representative temperate grassy eucalypt woodlands with contrasting histories of frequent versus infrequent disturbance. We hypothesized that disturbance and high resources favour exotics, and assessed whether natives and exotics covary positively due to common external drivers or negatively due to contrasting external drivers and/or competition. Positive relationships with rainfall and disturbance explained >80 % of the variation in exotic cover at both sites, supporting our first hypothesis. Native–exotic relationships were non-linear, with native richness first increasing rapidly with increasing exotic cover, then levelling and beginning to decrease. Common external drivers, particularly inter-annual rainfall, explained initial positive relationships, highlighting a prevalence of positive relationships at long temporal (as well as large spatial) scales. At the historically frequently-burnt site, a concomitant increase in native richness and exotic cover after fire contributed to the positive relationship, indicating a management trade-off. At the long-unburnt site, exotics increased but natives decreased with fire, suggesting dual benefits of low fire frequency. We conclude that relationships between exotic cover and native richness emerge from interactions among external drivers and competitive responses, with responses to external drivers dominating at low resources and negative interactions gaining importance as resources increase.
Starting Page	3001
Ending Page	3014
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13873547
Journal	Biological Invasions
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	15731464
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-06-20
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fire frequency Burning Exotic diversity Grasslands Mowing Native diversity Weeds Ecology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Plant Sciences Developmental Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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