NDLI: Do priority effects benefit invasive plants more than native plants? An experiment with six grassland species

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dickson, Timothy L. Hopwood, Jennifer L. Wilsey, Brian J.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Invasive, non-native plant species often outcompete native species and reduce biodiversity. Invasive plants frequently begin growth before native plants, yet few studies have examined whether invasives win in competition partly by colonizing disturbed sites more quickly or by beginning growth earlier in the season than native plants (i.e. due to priority effects). We hypothesized that invasive plant species would benefit more from priority effects than would comparable native species and that earlier growth of invasive species would decrease plant biodiversity. To test this hypothesis, we grew three pairs of invasive and native plant species from three different functional groups/plant families (C3 grasses/Poaceae, non-leguminous forbs/Asteraceae, and legumes/Fabaceae). We seeded each of the species 3 weeks before seeding the other five species into large pots in a greenhouse. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found much stronger priority effects with invasive than native species. Each invasive species formed a near-monocultures when seeded first (97.5 % of total biomass, on average) whereas native species did not similarly dominate (29.8 % of total biomass, on average). Similarly, Simpson’s species diversity was 81 % higher when the initially sown species was native rather than invasive. The literature suggests that invasive species in the field often begin growth earlier in the spring than native species and that climate change may increasingly allow invasives to begin growth before native species, indicating invasive priority effects may become increasingly common.
Starting Page	2617
Ending Page	2624
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13873547
Journal	Biological Invasions
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	15731464
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-06-13
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Dominance Earlier growth Exotic species Non-native species Plant invasion Priority effect Plant Sciences Ecology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Developmental Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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