NDLI: Larval Mortality Factors of Spodoptera Littoralis in the Azores

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Martins, Tiago Oliveira, Luísa Garcia, Patrícia
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Mortality among larval developmental stages of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was determined by weekly sampling on weeds in a pasture on São Miguel Island (Azores, Portugal), from August to December, over a 3-year period (1999–2001). In all the years surveyed, larvae of S. littoralis usually appeared in pastures after the third week of August, with higher abundances in September and the beginning of October. Three different factors causing larval mortality were identified: one fungal pathogen, Furia virescens (Thaxter) Humber (Zygomycetes: Entomophthoraceae), two nucleopolyhedroviruses and one larval parasitoid, Meteorus communis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The percentages of dead larvae infected by virus or fungus were significantly higher than the other causes of mortality, regardless of the year. Furthermore, the percentage of larvae that died due to virus contamination was generally higher than the percentage of larvae infected by fungus. Significant correlations between the environmental factors and the percentage of larvae infected by virus or by fungus, were only observed during 2001. In 2001, the prevalence of fungal infection was negatively correlated with that of viral infection although prevalences of these two agents were positively correlated in both 1999 and 2000. These results show that virus and fungus are potential biological control agents for S. littoralis in Azores.
Starting Page	761
Ending Page	770
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13866141
Journal	BioControl
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15738248
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	biological control Entomophthorales Meteorus communis nucleopolyhedrovirus natural enemies Evolutionary Biology Plant Sciences Plant Pathology Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Insect Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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