NDLI: RC buildings retrofitted by converting frame bays into RC walls

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fardis, Michael N. Schetakis, Antonis Strepelias, Elias
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Adding concrete walls by infilling certain frame bays with reinforced concrete is popular for seismic retrofitting, but is covered by codes only if the connection of the old concrete to the new ensures monolithic behavior. To avoid penalizing the foundation of the new wall with a very high moment resistance, the new concrete should not be thicker than, or surround, the old frame members. A cost-effective connection of these members to a thin new web is proposed, alongside a design procedure and detailing that conform to current codes. Owing to practical difficulties, footings of added walls are often small and weakly connected to the other footings, hence they uplift and rock during the earthquake. The model for uplift of 3D footings consists of two pairs of nonlinear-elastic springs in a cross layout and approximates also moderate nonlinearities in the soil continuum. It is used in nonlinear, static or dynamic, analyses of three buildings with added walls. The analyses of a clean, regular 4-story building show the benefit from uplift to the added walls and a certain adverse effect on some columns but not on beams, as well as the lack of a clear positive effect of tie-beams. The application to a 7-story and a 2-story real building with extreme, yet typical, irregularities in plan and elevation exemplifies the real-life restrictions in the use of added walls and shows their limits for the improvement of seismic performance; certain deficiencies in flexure or shear remain in both and are corrected at very low cost with local fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) jackets without new analysis of the building, as FRPs do not change the member effective stiffness or moment resistance.
Starting Page	1541
Ending Page	1561
Page Count	21
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1570761X
Journal	Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15731456
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-02-28
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Concrete buildings Concrete walls FRP retrofitting RC buildings RC walls Seismic retrofitting Seismic rehabilitation Footing uplifting Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Civil Engineering Geophysics/Geodesy Hydrogeology Structural Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Building and Construction Geophysics Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering

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