NDLI: The Role of CaCO3 Reactions in the Contemporary Oceanic CO2 Cycle

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The Role of CaCO3 Reactions in the Contemporary Oceanic CO2 Cycle

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Smith, Stephen V. Mackenzie, Fred T.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The present analysis adjusts previous estimates of global ocean CaCO3 production rates substantially upward, to 133 × 1012 mol yr−1 plankton production and 42 × 1012 mol yr−1 shelf benthos production. The plankton adjustment is consistent with recent satellite-based estimates; the benthos adjustment includes primarily an upward adjustment of CaCO3 production on so-called carbonate-poor sedimentary shelves and secondarily pays greater attention to high CaCO3 mass (calcimass) and turnover of shelf communities on temperate and polar shelves. Estimated CaCO3 sediment accumulation rates remain about the same as they have been for some years: ~20 × 1012 mol yr−1 on shelves and 11 × 1012 mol yr−1 in the deep ocean. The differences between production and accumulation of calcareous materials call for dissolution of ~22 × 1012 mol yr−1 (~50 %) of shelf benthonic carbonate production and 122 × 1012 mol yr−1 (>90 %) of planktonic production. Most CaCO3 production, whether planktonic or benthonic, is assumed to take place in water depths of <100 m, while most dissolution is assumed to occur below this depth. The molar ratio of CO2 release to CaCO3 precipitation (CO2↑/CaCO3↓) is <1.0 and varies with depth. This ratio, Ψ, is presently about 0.66 in surface seawater and 0.85 in ocean waters deeper than about 1000 m. The net flux of CO2 associated with CaCO3 reactions in the global ocean in late preindustrial time is estimated to be an apparent influx from the atmosphere to the ocean, of +7 × 1012 mol C yr−1, at a time scale of 102–103 years. The CaCO3-mediated influx of CO2 is approximately offset by CO2 release from organic C oxidation in the water column. Continuing ocean acidification will have effects on CaCO3 and organic C metabolic responses to the oceanic inorganic C cycle, although those responses remain poorly quantified.
Starting Page	153
Ending Page	175
Page Count	23
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13806165
Journal	Aquatic Geochemistry
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15731421
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-10-22
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Oceanic CaCO3 budget CO2 flux Organic C flux Ocean acidification Geochemistry Hydrology/Water Resources Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geophysics Geochemistry and Petrology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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