NDLI: Benthic Oxygen Fluxes Measured by Eddy Covariance in Permeable Gulf of Mexico Shallow-Water Sands

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Chipman, Lindsay Berg, Peter Huettel, Markus
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Oxygen fluxes across the sediment–water interface reflect primary production and organic matter degradation in coastal sediments and thus provide data that can be used for assessing ecosystem function, carbon cycling and the response to coastal eutrophication. In this study, the aquatic eddy covariance technique was used to measure seafloor–water column oxygen fluxes at shallow coastal sites with highly permeable sandy sediment in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico for which oxygen flux data currently are lacking. Oxygen fluxes at wave-exposed Gulf sites were compared to those at protected Bay sites over a period of 4 years and covering the four seasons. A total of 17 daytime and 14 nighttime deployments, producing 408 flux measurements (14.5 min each), were conducted. Average annual oxygen release and uptake (mean ± standard error) were 191 ± 66 and −191 ± 45 mmol m−2 day−1 for the Gulf sites and 130 ± 57 and −152 ± 64 mmol m−2 day−1 for the Bay sites. Seasonal variation in oxygen flux was observed, with high rates typically occurring during spring and lower rates during summer. The ratio of average oxygen release to uptake at both sites was close to 1 (Bay: 0.9, Gulf: 1.0). Close responses of the flux to changes in light, temperature, bottom current velocity, and wave action (significant wave height) documented tight physical–biological, benthic–pelagic coupling. The increase of the sedimentary oxygen uptake with increasing temperature corresponded to a Q10 temperature coefficient of 1.4 ± 0.3. An increase in flow velocity resulted in increased oxygen uptake (by a factor of 1–6 for a doubling in flow), which is explained by the enhanced transport of organic matter and electron acceptors into the permeable sediment. Benthic photosynthetic production and oxygen release from the sediment was modulated by light intensity at the temporal scale (minutes) of the flux measurements. The fluxes measured in this study contribute to baseline data in a region with rapid coastal development and can be used in large-scale assessments and estimates of carbon transformations.
Starting Page	529
Ending Page	554
Page Count	26
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13806165
Journal	Aquatic Geochemistry
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	5-6
e-ISSN	15731421
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2016-10-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Eddy correlation Eddy covariance Oxygen flux Gulf of Mexico Permeable sediment Inner shelf Coastal zone Geochemistry Hydrology/Water Resources Hydrogeology Water Quality/Water Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geophysics Geochemistry and Petrology

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