NDLI: Differential apoptotic pathways in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells exposed to UVB and UVC

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Takasawa, R. Nakamura, H. Mori, T. Tanuma, S.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	The induction of apoptosis in keratinocytes by ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation is considered to be a protective function against skin cancer. UV-induced DNA damage is a crucial event in UVB- and UVC-mediated apoptosis. However, the differences between the UVB- and UVC-induced apoptotic pathways remain unclear. Here we examine the differential mechanisms by which UVB and UVC irradiations induce keratinocyte apoptosis using human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Differences in the production of (6-4)photoproducts ((6-4)PPs) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) were measured following irradiation with UVB and UVC at doses causing the same extent of apoptotic cell death. In addition, main apoptotic features, such as caspase activation and its regulation, were compared between UVB- and UVC-induced apoptosis. Exposures of 500 J/m2 UVB and 100 J/m2 UVC resulted in apoptosis to almost the same extent. At these apoptotic doses, the amounts of both (6-4)PPs and CPDs were significantly larger in the case of UVC irradiation than UVB irradiation; in parallel, the release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO and the activation of caspases-9 following UVC irradiation were greater than after UVB irradiation. Importantly, caspase-8 activation occurred only in UVB-irradiated cells. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-8 was not inhibited by caspases-9 and -3 specific tetrapeptide inhibitors, indicating that the caspase-8 cleavage is not due to feedback from activation of caspases-9 and -3. Thus, these results clearly suggest that the reason apoptosis is induced to the same extent by UVB irradiation as by UVC irradiation, despite the lower production of photoproducts in DNA by UVB irradiation, is attributable to the additional activation of the caspase-8 pathway. Thus, UVB irradiation induces apoptosis through both mitochondrial (intrinsic) and caspase-8 activation (extrinsic) pathways, while UVC induces apoptosis only via the intrinsic pathway.
Starting Page	1121
Ending Page	1130
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13608185
Journal	Apoptosis
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	1573675X
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	apoptosis caspase CPDs (6-4)PPs UVB UVC Cancer Research Virology Oncology Biochemistry Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pharmaceutical Science Biochemistry (medical) Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Cancer Research Pharmacology

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