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Physical Activity, Mindfulness Meditation, or Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback for Stress Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zwan, Judith Esi Vente, Wieke Huizink, Anja C. Bögels, Susan M. Bruin, Esther I.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	In contemporary western societies stress is highly prevalent, therefore the need for stress-reducing methods is great. This randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of self-help physical activity (PA), mindfulness meditation (MM), and heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) in reducing stress and its related symptoms. We randomly allocated 126 participants to PA, MM, or HRV-BF upon enrollment, of whom 76 agreed to participate. The interventions consisted of psycho-education and an introduction to the specific intervention techniques and 5 weeks of daily exercises at home. The PA exercises consisted of a vigorous-intensity activity of free choice. The MM exercises consisted of guided mindfulness meditation. The HRV-BF exercises consisted of slow breathing with a heart rate variability biofeedback device. Participants received daily reminders for their exercises and were contacted weekly to monitor their progress. They completed questionnaires prior to, directly after, and 6 weeks after the intervention. Results indicated an overall beneficial effect consisting of reduced stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and improved psychological well-being and sleep quality. No significant between-intervention effect was found, suggesting that PA, MM, and HRV-BF are equally effective in reducing stress and its related symptoms. These self-help interventions provide easily accessible help for people with stress complaints.
Starting Page	257
Ending Page	268
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10900586
Journal	Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15733270
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-06-26
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Physical activity Mindfulness meditation Heart rate variability biofeedback Stress Anxiety Psychology Health Psychology Public Health Psychotherapy and Counseling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Applied Psychology

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