NDLI: Continual planning and acting in dynamic multiagent environments

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Brenner, Michael Nebel, Bernhard
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	In order to behave intelligently, artificial agents must be able to deliberatively plan their future actions. Unfortunately, realistic agent environments are usually highly dynamic and only partially observable, which makes planning computationally hard. For most practical purposes this rules out planning techniques that account for all possible contingencies in the planning process. However, many agent environments permit an alternative approach, namely continual planning, i.e. the interleaving of planning with acting and sensing. This paper presents a new principled approach to continual planning that describes why and when an agent should switch between planning and acting. The resulting continual planning algorithm enables agents to deliberately postpone parts of their planning process and instead actively gather missing information that is relevant for the later refinement of the plan. To this end, the algorithm explictly reasons about the knowledge (or lack thereof) of an agent and its sensory capabilities. These concepts are modelled in the planning language (MAPL). Since in many environments the major reason for dynamism is the behaviour of other agents, MAPL can also model multiagent environments, common knowledge among agents, and communicative actions between them. For Continual Planning, MAPL introduces the concept of of assertions, abstract actions that substitute yet unformed subplans. To evaluate our continual planning approach empirically we have developed MAPSIM, a simulation environment that automatically builds multiagent simulations from formal MAPL domains. Thus, agents can not only plan, but also execute their plans, perceive their environment, and interact with each other. Our experiments show that, using continual planning techniques, deliberate action planning can be used efficiently even in complex multiagent environments.
Starting Page	297
Ending Page	331
Page Count	35
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13872532
Journal	Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15737454
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2009-06-10
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Multiagent planning Continual planning User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems Computing Methodologies Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Artificial Intelligence

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