NDLI: Toxic gas sensing on nanoporous carbons

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Travlou, Nikolina A. Bandosz, Teresa J.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Activated carbons, either synthetic, developed in our laboratory, or commercial were prepared or further modified, in order to introduce specific heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur to their matrix. Chips with thin layers of active materials were prepared and used for ammonia or hydrogen sulfide sensing. They showed high sensitivity and their response was selective. They also responded linearly to changes in various ammonia concentrations. The incorporation of specific heteroatoms to the carbons matrices was an effective means to control the type of the charge carriers, and thus the electronic and transport properties. Depending on the specific chemical arrangement of heteroatoms, materials exhibiting n- or p-type conduction were obtained. Pyridines and nitropyridines played an important role. A small amount of ammonia was oxidized to NO2 on the surface of sulfur and nitrogen co-doped carbons, due to their ability to generate superoxide ions. When adsorbed in the pore system of the carbons, it affected the electrical signal due to an increase in the population of holes as charge carriers. The synergistic effect between the heteroatoms greatly enhanced the electrical response of the chips. The mechanism governing the reversible sensing involved several processes, including specific interactions between NH3 and surface functional groups, pore-filling with NH3/NO2, and electron–hole conductivity. The structural and chemical features of the carbons were found to act either synergistically or competitively. Surface acidity, by enhancing the affinity of the carbons towards NH3 adsorption, contributed to an ammonia selective detection.
Starting Page	271
Ending Page	280
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09295607
Journal	Adsorption
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	2-3
e-ISSN	15728757
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-12-09
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ammonia gas sensors Nanoporous carbons Surface chemistry Surface heterogeneity Adsorption Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Chemical Engineering Surfaces and Interfaces

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