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Macrophysical climatic modeling of Africa’s late quaternary climate: Site-specific, high-resolution applications for archaeology

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bryson, R. A. Bryson, R. U.
Copyright Year	1997
Abstract	Macrophysical climatic modeling (MCM) is based on the relationship between large-scale atmospheric dynamics and synoptic climatology to develop simulations of late Pleistocene and Holocene climate in specific localities. Climatic events are calculated at 200-year intervals for the last 14,000 and 500 years for the period from 14,000 to 40,000 B.P. The model has been applied to more than 200 localities in Africa. We present examples from different parts of the continent at locations of archaeological significance. The results indicate that the transition from glacial maximum to postglacial conditions shows both temporal and inter- and intraregional variability. In addition to long-term differences among early, middle, and late Holocene climatic regimes, the model also shows incidences of sharp, abrupt events at some intervals. The applications of MCM invite comparison with inferences based on proxy data and assist in formulating and cross-examining socioecodynamic models based on climatic change, e.g., the continuity of cultural interactions along the Mediterranean littoral, the emergence and spread of cattle pastoralism, and the depopulation of the Sahara during the glacial maximum.La modélisation Climatique Macrophysique (MCM) se base sur la relation entre les dynamiques atmosphériques à grande échelle et la climatologie synoptique afin de réaliser des simulations du climat au Pléistocéne final et à l’Holocène pour des localités spécifiques. Les événements climatiques sont calculés à des intervalles de 200 ans pour les derniers 14.000 ans et de 500 ans pour la période allant de 14.000 à 40.000 B.P. Le modèle est appliqué à plus de 200 localités en Afrique. Nous présentons ici des exemples provenant de différentes parties du continent en des lieux significatifs du point de vue archéologique. Ces résultats indiquent que la transition entre le maximum glaciaire et les conditions postglaciaires présente une variabilité à la fois temporelle, inter et intra régionale. Outre les différences à long terme entre les régions climatiques du début, du milieu et de la fin de l’Holocène, le modèle montre aussi l’incidence d’événements aigus, brutaux, à certains intervalles. L’application de la MCM favorise la comparaison avec des inférences découlant des données plus approximatives et aide à formuler et à vérifier des modèles socio-écodynamiques basés sur le changement climatique, par exemple, la continuité des interactions culturelles le long du littoral méditerranéen, l’émergence et la propagation du pastoralisme et le dépeuplement du Sahara durant le maximum glaciaire.
Starting Page	143
Ending Page	160
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02630338
Journal	African Archaeological Review
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15729842
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	1997-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	palaeoclimate macrophysical climate modeling Holocene Late Quaternary paleoenvironment Archaeology Anthropology Regional and Cultural Studies
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Archeology Archeology (arts and humanities)

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