NDLI: Non-skeletal carbonate production and stromatolite growth within a pleistocene deep ocean (Last glacial maximum, Red Sea)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Brachert, Thomas C.
Copyright Year	1999
Abstract	Quasi modern non-skeletal carbonates and stromatolites occur from the Red Sea shelf, proximal to the reef systems and continuous into the axial basin (512 to 2704 metres below present sea level). The lithified carbonates are intermixed with carbonate ooze forming a hard layer of 50 to 90 cm thickness. Decimetric platey fragments of lithified carbonate exhibit planar to columnar stromatolitic growth forms, lumpy microbial fabrics and internal brecciation features. The ultrastructures of lithified carbonates are formed by cryptocrystalline carbonate, mainly as aragonite spherulites, Mg-calcite peloids, anhedral mosaics of Mg-calcite and aragonite. Biogenic overgrowth, intercalations of calciturbidites and the type of interlocking relationships in the crystalline fabrics all indicate precipitation at the sea floor or close by. Morphological and mineralogical similarity with previously published microfabrics indicate microbial mediation of carbonate precipitation.The hard layer was formed during the last glacial maximum (LGM, approx. 23ka to 13ka), when pelagic sedimentation rates droped to a minimum due to high surface water salinities. Precipitation of the excess calcium carbonate in the deep ocean was strongly enhanced because the Hanish sill at the southern end of the Red Sea blocked input of cold bottom waters which in turn caused bottom water with high temperatures and salinities (>50 ‰), and low oxygen content. The scenario of a starved greenhouse-type ocean for the Red Sea during the LGM compliments models for the origin of ancient (Mesozoic and Palaeozoic) deepwater stromatolites.
Starting Page	211
Ending Page	228
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01729179
Journal	Facies
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16124820
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1999-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Carbonates Stromatolites Deep Marine Red Sea Pleistocene Biogeosciences Geochemistry Paleontology Sedimentology Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geology Stratigraphy Paleontology

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