NDLI: Thick brachiopod shell concentrations from prodelta and siliciclastic ramp in a Tortonian Atlantic–Mediterranean strait (Miocene, Guadix Basin, southern Spain)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Reolid, Matías García García, Fernando Tomašových, Adam Soria, Jesús M.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Carbonate production by brachiopods in shallow-water habitats is generally expected to be not sufficiently high and temporally persistent to allow them to form very thick and densely packed shell concentrations. The formation of thick brachiopod concentrations requires long-term persistence of populations with high density of individuals, and such circumstances are assumed to be rare especially during the Cenozoic. However, here we show that the large-sized brachiopod Terebratula terebratula, the most common species in benthic assemblages with epifaunal bivalves and irregular echinoids, formed several decameter- to meter-thick, densely packed concentrations in shallow siliciclastic, high-energy environments, in a seaway connecting the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea during the Latest Tortonian (Late Miocene, Guadix Basin, southern Spain). This brachiopod formed (1) meter-scale, thick, parautochthonous concentrations in a prodelta setting and (2) thin, mainly allochthonous, tide- and storm-reworked concentrations in megaripples and dunes. The abundance of brachiopods at the spatial scale of the Guadix Basin seems to be mainly related to intermediate levels of sedimentation rate and current velocity because abundance and thickness of shell concentrations decline both (1) in onshore direction towards delta foresets with high sedimentation rate generated by debris flows and (2) in offshore direction with increasing levels of tide- and storm-induced substrate instability. Although brachiopods in dune and megaripple deposits are more fragmented, disarticulated, and sorted, and have a higher pedicle/brachial valve ratio than in prodelta deposits, taphonomic damage is still relatively high in prodelta deposits. Terebratula terebratula thus formed thick concentrations in spite of that disintegration processes were relatively intense along the whole depositional gradient. Therefore, population dynamic of this species was probably characterized by production maxima that were comparable to some Cenozoic molluscs in terms of their productivity potential to form thick shell concentrations in shallow subtidal environments. We suggest that temporal changes in brachiopod carbonate production have a significant spatial and phylogenetic component because multiple large-sized species of the family Terebratulidae, which underwent radiation during the Cenozoic, attained high abundances and formed shell concentrations in temperate regions.
Starting Page	549
Ending Page	571
Page Count	23
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01729179
Journal	Facies
Volume Number	58
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	16124820
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-02-22
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Taphonomy Paleoecology Shell beds Gilbert-type delta Tidal setting Brachiopoda Miocene Ecology Geochemistry Paleontology Biogeosciences Sedimentology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geology Stratigraphy Paleontology

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