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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Eskens, U. Kugel, B. Bensinger, Sylvie Bitsch, Nicola |
| Copyright Year | 1999 |
| Abstract | In den Jahren 1994 bis 1996 führte der Arbeitskreis für Wildbiologie ein „Untersuchungsprogramm Feldhase“ durch, das vom Hessischen Landwirtschaftsministerium in Auftrag gegeben wurde. An dem Untersuchungsprojekt waren der Landesjagdverband Hessen e.V. und das Staatliche Medizinal-, Lebensmittel-und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Mittelhessen beteiligt. Dabei wurden in verschiedenen Regionen Hessens sehr unterschiedliche Herbstbesatzdichten ermittelt, die von 11,0 bis 145,3 Hasen/100 ha reichten. Wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen über- und unterdurchschnittlichen Regionen bestanden im Anteil der Junghasen, der in schlechteren Hasengebieten signifikant erniedrigt war. Die auf Grund histologischer Hodenuntersuchungen zunächst vermutete Beeinträchtigung der Spermiogenese in unterdurchschnittlich besetzten Revieren erwies sich durch weitergehende Untersuchungen als jahreszeitabhängig und stellt somit keinen Befund dar, der für eine Unfruchtbarkeit männlicher Hasen spricht. Da erste Untersuchungen an Uteri erlegter Feldhasen Hinweise auf eine hinreichend hohe Anzahl von Trächtigkeiten lieferten (durchschnittlich etwa 7–8 pro Häsin), dürfte der unterschiedliche Junghasenanteil der verschiedenen Regionen durch unterschiedlich hohe Junghasenverluste bedingt sein. Diese werden wiederum im Wesentlichen als Folge einer intensivierten landwirtschaftlichen Produktionsweise mit regional mehr oder weniger großem Schwund der Nutzungsdiversität angesehen, die dem Junghasen in den ersten Lebenswochen nur unzureichende Lebensbedingungen schafft.During the years 1994 to 1996 the study group for wildlife biology carried out an „Investigation Program for Field Hares“ commissioned by the Hessen Agricultural Ministry. The investigation project was conducted in cooperation with the State Hunting Association of Hessen e.V., and the State Medicinal, Food, and Veterinary Administration of Middle Hessen. In the various regions of Hessen very different autumn densities were determined varying between 11.0 to 145.3 hares/100 ha. Substantial differences in the proportions of young hares were found between the regions having below and above average densities as the numbers of young hares were significantly reduced in poor hare regions. On the basis of histological examinations of the testes the surmise of reduced spermiogenesis in districts with below average densities was revised through further investigations and proved to be seasonally variable. Hence this is not a demonstrable proof of infertility among male hares. As the first investigations of the uteri of shot field hares show that a sufficient large number of fetuses (on average 7–8 per female) were there, the variability in the proportions of young hares in the different regions must be caused by differing mortality losses. These losses are mainly the result of intensive farming techniques accompanied by a greater or lesser reduction in habitat diversity with the consequence of inadequate living conditions for the young hares in the first few weeks.Au cours des années 1994 à 1996, l'"Arbeitskreis für Wildbiologie" a mené un programme de recherches sur le Lièvre brun, programme qui lui a été confié par le Ministère de l'Agriculture de Hesse. Etaient associés à ce projet de recherches l'Association cynégétique du Land de Hesse de même que le bureau de recherches vétérinaires de Hesse moyenne. A cette occasion, des densités de populations automnales très diverses de lièvres ont été renseignées, dont les extrêmes se situaient entre 11,0 et 145,3 lièvres aux 100 ha. Les différences importantes entre des régions sur-densitaires et sous-densitaires se situaient au niveau du nombre de levrauts, lequel était significativement plus bas dans les habitats de moindre qualité pour l'espèce. La réduction de la spermiogénèse que l'on avait supposé, suite à des examens histologiques testiculaires, être à l'origine des territoires sous-densitaires a dû, suite à des recherches complémentaires, être écartée comme cause de non-fertilité des mâles, cette spermiogénèse apparaissant en fait dépendante des saisons. Etant donné que de premières recherches sur des utérus de hases tirées indiquaient un nombre suffisamment élevé de grossesses - 7 à 8 par hase -, on peut penser que le nombre variable de levrauts enregistrés dans différentes régions est conditionné par des mortalités au stade de levraut. Pour l'essentiel, celles-ci sont à leur tour liées à des modes d'exploitation agricoles intensifs, accompagnés d'une détérioration régionale plus ou moins importante de la diversité de l'espace, celle-ci ayant pour effet de priver les levrauts, au cours des premières semaines d'existence, de ressources vitales suffisantes. |
| Starting Page | 60 |
| Ending Page | 65 |
| Page Count | 6 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00442887 |
| Journal | European Journal of Wildlife Research |
| Volume Number | 45 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14390574 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 1999-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Animal Ecology Zoology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Ecology Animal Science and Zoology |
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